(12) In some NENA languages the fresh new preterite regarding Group II verbs features an excellent vocalism (m)CoCiC- or (m)CuCiC- with no forerunner in the previous languages. Noldeke (1868, 213) ideal your modern means try associated with new Hebrew pual. Examples: Aradhin mbusille ‘he cooked’ (Krotkoff 1982, 136), Tkhuma mso:re:li ‘I began’, Jilu +poltele http://datingranking.net/cs/spiritual-singles-recenze ‘he took they out’ (Fox 1992, 54). Versions having o or you is actually missing exterior NENA and also in a lot of of your own NENA languages: Hertevin, Sanandaj Christian, and you can Halabja: Halabja bqirraxun ‘you (pl.) asked’, Hertevin bqerre ‘he asked’ (Jastrow 1988, 206).
(13) All round introduce try noted from the an effective prefix in every NENA except Hertevin along with Mandaic and also in Turoyo. The new prefix requires certainly one of about three models: (a) k- for the most of the verbs (complex in order to c- into the Urmi, offered so you’re able to ko- just before consonants inside Turoyo, and in Zakho are grams- ahead of a spoken phoneme); (b) k- however, only on a small group of verbs (with some voicing intake and sometimes almost every other changes as well); otherwise (c) i- toward all verbs.
Examples: (a) Zakho k-xaze ‘he sees’, g-emir ‘he says’ (Meehan and you will Alon 1979, 182), Urmi csader ‘he sends’ (Hetzron 1969, 115), Turoyo kohoze ‘he sees’, Tisqopa ksaqIl ‘he takes’ (Rubba, personal telecommunications); (b) Halabja k-ImrIx-wa ‘we carry out say’, but doqIx-wa-ce ‘we carry out observe it’, Azerbaijan k-xil ‘he eats, have a tendency to eat’, however, sate ‘he beverages, tend to, get drink’ (Garbell 1965, 66, 67); (c) Aradhin i-zare:los angeles ‘he tills it’ (Krotkoff 1982, 70), Jilu we-napli baro ‘they chase her’ (Fox 1992, 55).
New k- prefix is apparently an endurance of your own prefix qa- out of BT, such as the new common qatane ‘he teaches’. e ‘stands’. In a number of east dialects the delivery out of k- is limited to a tiny family of verbs (Garbell 1965, 65). In other people, it has disappeared and you may already been changed because of the yet another prefix i-, hence probably originated once the a lower sorts of we[Theta] ‘there is’.
Examples: Halabja geznawa ta knista ‘I goes toward the newest synagogue’, Aradhin tla t-sapri ‘to wait’, Jilu zIlli l-yawa zuze tla weil kIcca ‘I went to render money to help you a girl’, Tisqopa [Theta]e:li ta di-mbaslan ‘I (fem
(14) Brand new verb ‘give’ was yehav inside the BT, and yav inside Syriac. It’s been remade throughout NENA languages from incorporation of your own adopting the l- ‘to’. Brand new essential, which was hav within the Syriac and BT, was hal (Noldeke 1868, 256) in every NENA in which You will find advice, yet not in the Turoyo otherwise Mandaic.
(15) Throughout NENA, the new only one vital of qyama ‘get up’ has lost the last m: Aradhin qu (Krotkoff 1982, 145), Sanandaj Religious qu (Panoussi, 110). The latest plural, however, holds the latest m.
(16) In every NENA, new imperative off (i)zala ‘go’ is actually unpredictable: Aradhin lorsque (Krotkoff 1982, 147), Sanandaj Religious say (Panoussi 119), Jilu se, Jewish Azerbaijani si (Garbell 1965, 285).
(17) Around the NENA, a number of terms are used given that foot to possess reflexive pronouns like ‘myself’. They are: ruh- during the Hertevin and also in Turoyo, nos- from the about three easternmost Jewish dialects, and gyan- on kept dialects: Hertevin ruhan ‘ourselves’ (Jastrow 1988, 197), Zakho qtala gyane ‘beating himself’ (Meehan and you will Alon 1982, 181), Halabja nosan ‘ourselves’.
That it qa- is actually itself a great contraction away from qa?
(18) A different preposition meaning ‘to’ otherwise ‘for’ which takes the form ta, tla, otherwise tla are widespread, though not common, into the NENA, but not used in Mandaic or Turoyo. ) involved cook’ (Rubba, personal communications), Zakho cuxa la psIxle darga story ‘no one unsealed the entranceway to him’ (Meehan and Alon 1979, 182).